Pipeline Rendering:interactive Refractions, Reeections, and Shadows

A coordinated use of hardware-provided bitplanes and rendering pipelines can create ray-trace quality illumination eeects in real-time. We provide recursive re-ections through the use of secondary viewpoints, and present a method for using a homogeneous 2-D projec-tive image mapping to extend this method for refractive surfaces. We extend the traditional use of shadow volumes to provide reeected and refracted shadows as well as reeected and refracted lighting. A shadow blending technique is demonstrated, and the shadow and lighting eeects are incorporated into our recursive viewpoint paradigm. Finally, we incorporate material properties including a translucency model to provide a general framework for creating physically approximate renderings. These techniques are immediately applicable to areas such as 3D modeling, animation, and interactive environments to produce more realistic images in real-time.